Dr. Gen Shinozaki from Stanford Psychiatry has received a grant from the National Institute on Aging to investigate epigenetic biomarkers related to post-operative delirium and long-term cognitive decline in elderly patients, both with and without dementia. Delirium, particularly common after surgery in elderly patients, is a serious condition that can lead to cognitive deterioration and even death, especially for those with Alzheimer’s or dementia. Despite its severity, predicting and detecting delirium remains a major challenge.
The focus of this study is on understanding how epigenetic changes, particularly through DNA methylation, contribute to delirium. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that can be influenced by environmental factors and aging, impacting how genes are expressed. The study will examine these molecular changes to explore how they might be linked to the onset of delirium after surgery. The research involves a large cohort of elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, which carries a high risk of delirium. By comparing the DNA methylation profiles of patients who develop delirium with those who do not, the team aims to identify specific epigenetic markers that could serve as early indicators of delirium risk.
The project is a collaboration with Dr. Michael Snyder (Genetics), Dr. VJ Periyakoil (Geriatrics), Dr. Katrin Andreasson (Neurology), and Dr. Brice Gaudilliere (Anesthesiology) at Stanford, along with colleagues from Vanderbilt University and the University of Iowa.
According to Dr. Shinozaki, understanding these epigenetic changes could offer new ways to predict, prevent, and treat delirium, improving outcomes for elderly patients, especially those with dementia.
Dr. Shinozaki’s broader work includes developing biomarkers and a bispectral EEG device proven effective in detecting delirium in over 1,000 inpatients. He recently received the Wayne Katon Research Award from Academy of Consultation Liaison Psychaitry for these accomplishments. His recent publications, such as studies on epigenetic signals and immune-related DNA methylation changes associated with delirium, further support his ongoing research.
