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Exploratory Methods

If you’re doing exploration, if you’re doing hypothesis testing, you have to have an priori hypothesis. a hypothesis has a rationale and justification, often drawn from previous hypothesis-generating studies.

You set up a plan, who are you going to sample? What are you going to measure, how you are going to measure it, how you’re going to analyze it, what the power calculations are, and then you do it as planned. That’s hypothesis testing. Hypothesis generation, or exploratory methods, basically means you don’t really have a specific plan in mind. You have sort of a general idea of the kind of thing you’re looking for, and you’re going to go out and you’re going to see what you see. And what you see is going to condition what analyses you’re going to do, and the results of those analyses are going to generate new questions that you’re going to do more analyses on, you can spend a lot of time doing this, and I will tell you this, and that is hypothesis testing is hard work.

To learn more from Dr. Helena Kraemer listen to the podcast episode below.

Part 1

Part 2

Click here for more Research Methodology Podcasts

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    Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosis: From Predicting Diagnostic Labels to "Wayfinding"

    Julia Adler-Milstein, PhD1; Jonathan H. Chen, MD, PhD; Gurpreet Dhaliwal, MD

    Improving the diagnostic process is a quality and safety priority.With the digitization of health records and rapid expansion of health data, the cognitive demand on the diagnostician has increased. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to assist human cognition has the potential to reduce this demand and associated diagnostic errors. However, current AI tools have not realized this potential, due in part to the long-standing focus of these tools on predicting final diagnostic labels instead of helping clinicians navigate the dynamic refinement process of diagnosis. This Viewpoint highlights the importance of shifting the role of diagnostic AI from predicting labels to “wayfinding” (interpreting context and providing cues that guide the diagnostician).