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Scientific Methods New

The result of a well-done exploratory study is a hypothesis. That’s the formulation of the hypothesis. And it also results in having, giving you the information, you need to design a good study for that hypothesis. Questions like, what populations should I sample? How should I sample it? What measures should I take? How should I design this study? Should it be cross-sectional, longitudinal, etc, all of those types of questions. The answers should be based on what you’ve learned in the exploration phase of the study. 

Next step is a pilot study. So now you have a strong hypothesis with good rationale justification. You have designed a study and the question is whether you can actually do that study. Have you made the right decisions? Can I sample or, draw a large enough sample? Can I use these measurements? Does it take six hours or three hours to get these measurements? Any sort of questions of implementation of that sort becomes a pilot study, which is a feasibility study. You use the results of the feasibility study to tweak your design so that you can do it… 

To learn more from Dr. Helena Kraemer listen to the podcast episode below.

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    Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosis: From Predicting Diagnostic Labels to "Wayfinding"

    Julia Adler-Milstein, PhD1; Jonathan H. Chen, MD, PhD; Gurpreet Dhaliwal, MD

    Improving the diagnostic process is a quality and safety priority.With the digitization of health records and rapid expansion of health data, the cognitive demand on the diagnostician has increased. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to assist human cognition has the potential to reduce this demand and associated diagnostic errors. However, current AI tools have not realized this potential, due in part to the long-standing focus of these tools on predicting final diagnostic labels instead of helping clinicians navigate the dynamic refinement process of diagnosis. This Viewpoint highlights the importance of shifting the role of diagnostic AI from predicting labels to “wayfinding” (interpreting context and providing cues that guide the diagnostician).